Jan 12, 2024
by Humera

In addition to text, Google's Gemini, a brand-new and robust AI model, is also capable of understanding visuals, audio, and video. As a multimodal model, Gemini is capable of grasping and generating code of superior quality in multiple programming languages, as well as performing intricate computations in the fields of physics, mathematics, and other disciplines. As its integration with other Google products continues to deepen, it will become accessible via integrations with devices such as the Google Pixel 8 and Google Bard.

Gemini, during its early stages, comprised a variety of model configurations that were customized to suit specific use cases and deployment scenarios. Tasks that require the utmost intricacy are most suitable for the premium Ultra model. Google's initial intention was to introduce the Ultra variant in early 2024; therefore, it was not available during the inaugural Gemini launch. Performance and widespread implementation are the primary design objectives of the Pro paradigm. Google Bard operates as a modified version of Gemini Pro. Google included Gemini Pro into Google Cloud Vertex AI and Google AI Studio on December 13, 2023. Google developed the generative AI coding method known as AlphaCode 2, which uses a modified Gemini Pro architecture.

Aspects pertinent to on-device operation are emphasized in the Nano model. Nano-1 and Nano-2 are the two variants of Gemini Nano, each with 3.25 billion parameters and 1.8 billion parameters, respectively. One of the devices into which Nano is currently being incorporated is the Google Pixel 8 Pro smartphone. Google affirms that it has implemented responsible development practices in all Gemini models, encompassing comprehensive evaluation to reduce the likelihood of bias and damage.

Who established Gemini?

On December 6, 2023, Google DeepMind, an Alphabet division specializing in state-of-the-art artificial intelligence research and development, introduced Gemini 1.0. Sergey Brin, co-founder of Google, is recognized, in conjunction with other Google personnel, for his input regarding the development of the Gemini LLMs.

Different versions of Gemini

Google describes Gemini as an adaptable paradigm capable of functioning on any platform, including Google's data centers and mobile devices. Gemini is being introduced in three sizes: nano, pro, and ultra.

1. Gemini Nano:

The Gemini Nano is optimized for use with, among other smartphones, the Google Pixel 8. Its primary objective is to perform AI-intensive tasks such as text summarization and reply suggestion in messaging applications locally without the need for external servers.

2. Gemini Pro:

Gemini Pro runs Bard, the most recent iteration of Google's artificial intelligence assistant, in Google's data centers. Efficient handling of complex inquiries and prompt responses are both achievable with this capability.

3. Gemini Ultra:

The Gemini Ultra, a Google model, surpasses the highest possible results on 30 out of the 32 commonly used academic benchmarks in the field of large language model (LLM) research and development. Nonetheless, it remains unavailable for widespread application. It is planned for release once the ongoing phase of testing has been concluded. Its purpose is to accomplish exceedingly complex duties.

The requirements to utilize Gemini

In addition to Pixel 8 phones and Bard chatbots, Gemini is now also compatible with Google's Nano and Pro devices. Google is progressively integrating a number of its products, including Gemini, into Search, Ads, Chrome, and others.

Developers and enterprise clients can now access Gemini Pro through the Gemini API, which has been integrated into Google Cloud Vertex AI and Google AI Studio since December 13th. Android developers will be granted early preview access to Gemini Nano via AICore.

What capabilities does Gemini possess?

The Google Gemini models have the capability to understand an extensive range of inputs, such as text, images, audio, and video, among other formats. Gemini's ability to combine various modalities for the purpose of understanding and producing an output further exemplifies their multimodal nature. The following are some examples of Gemini's capabilities:

  • Abstract of the text

Gemini models can concisely summarize the contents of numerous data formats.

  • Automatic generation of text

Text generation is a capability of Gemini in response to human input. Similar to a question-and-answer chatbot interface, this text can also be managed.

  • Textual adaptation

Gemini models are capable of comprehending and translating in excess of one hundred different languages due to their robust multilingual capabilities.

  • Visual cognition

Gemini functions independently of third-party optical character recognition software to decipher intricate graphics such as diagrams, charts, and figures. It enables the addition of image captions and the generation of visual queries and answers.

  • Audio processing

Gemini supports voice recognition and audio translation tasks in more than a hundred languages.

  • Understanding videos

Gemini is capable of analyzing and comprehending the frames of video recordings so that they may provide explanations and answers.

  • Multimodal reasoning

Multimodal reasoning, which enables the integration of multiple types of data to generate an output in response to the appropriate input, is an area in which Gemini excels.

  • Developing and analyzing code

Gemini generates, explains, and comprehends among the most prevalent programming languages, including Python, Java, C++, and Go.

How Gemini works

In order to function, Google Gemini requires training on a substantial dataset. Upon completion of training, the model demonstrates the capability to generate outputs, comprehend content, and respond to inquiries by utilizing a variety of neural network techniques.

The Gemini LLMs specifically utilize a neural network architecture that is constructed using transformer models. The Gemini architecture has been improved to support long contextual sequences in many media formats. The Gemini models underwent training utilizing the robust data filtering capabilities of Google DeepMind on diverse multimodal and multilingual datasets comprising text, images, audio, and video. Targeted fine-tuning enables the ongoing refinement of a model to suit a specific use case, even though numerous Gemini models are utilized to provide support for particular Google services.

Gemini utilizes Google's most recent TPUv5 processors for inference and training on bespoke, optimized AI accelerators designed to efficiently train and deploy enormous models. The potential for detrimental and biased content is a significant barrier for LLMs. Google asserts that in order to ensure a certain degree of LLM safety, Gemini was subjected to extensive safety testing and mitigation pertaining to potential risks such as toxicity and bias. The utilization of academic benchmarks encompassing language, images, audio, video, and code to evaluate the models provided additional assurance that Gemini is efficacious.

Implementations of Gemini

Google developed Gemini as a foundational model, which has since been extensively incorporated into a multitude of Google services. Additionally, developers have the ability to utilize Gemini to construct their own applications. Among the applications that utilize Gemini are the following:

  • Bard

Google's conversational AI service leverages sophisticated reasoning and chatbot functionalities by implementing a refined iteration of Gemini Pro.

  • AlphaCode 2

Google DeepMind created AlphaCode 2, a code generation tool that uses a modified version of Gemini Pro.

  • Google Pixel

Pixel 8 Pro smartphones manufactured by Google are the first devices to be optimized for Gemini Nano. Gemini enables advanced features like summarization in Recorder and Smart Reply in Gboard for messaging applications.

  • Android 14

Although the Pixel 8 Pro will be the first Android smartphone to benefit from Gemini, it will not be the only one. Android programmers will have the ability to construct on the Gemini Nano by utilizing the AICore system capability.

  • AI Vertex

Vertex AI, a Google Cloud service that provides application developers with foundation models, grants access to Gemini Pro.

  • Google Studio for AI

Gemini enables app prototyping and construction through the Google AI Studio web application.

  • Search

Google's Search Generative Experience is experimenting with the use of Gemini to decrease latency and enhance quality. 

Prospects for Gemini

In conjunction with the inaugural release of Gemini on December 6, 2023, Google furnished guidance pertaining to the trajectory of its forthcoming LLMs. Gemini's most significant development is the Gemini Ultra, which was not introduced concurrently with the Gemini Pro and Gemini Nano. Google announced during its launch that a limited number of customers, developers, partners, and specialists would have access to Gemini Ultra in order to conduct preliminary tests and provide feedback prior to its official release to enterprises and developers in early 2024.

Additionally, Gemini Ultra will serve as the bedrock for what Google calls a Bard Advanced experience—a refined, more potent, and competent iteration of the Bard chatbot—as well. Additionally, Gemini's future will involve more extensive distribution and integration throughout the Google portfolio. Gemini will be integrated into the Google Chrome web browser in an effort to enhance the user experience. Google has further committed to incorporating Gemini into the Google Ads platform, thereby offering advertisers novel avenues to establish connections with and captivate users. Gemini is anticipated to later provide advantages for the Duet AI assistant as well.

Gemini will then face OpenAI's GPT-4

At the time of its December 2017 launch of the free ChatGPT tool, OpenAI had already made significant progress toward the development of its most potent AI model, GPT-4, with the financial and computational resources of Microsoft at its disposal. The tremendous popularity of the AI-powered chatbot piqued interest in the commercial potential of generative AI and compelled Google to remove Bard from its platform. Launching GPT-4 concurrently with the advent of Bard in March 2023, OpenAI has progressively incorporated functionalities that cater to the needs of enterprises and consumers ever since. A function enabling the chatbot to analyze photographs was introduced in November. Microsoft has been engaged in competition with OpenAI for business, and in exchange for exclusive technical rights, it has invested billions of dollars in the latter.

It appears that Google's most recent Gemini model is among the largest and most advanced AI models to date, but until the Ultra model is released, this will not be confirmed. In contrast to models such as GPT-4, which rely on extensions, plugins, and integrations to attain genuine multimodality, Gemini distinguishes itself through its inherent multimodality, rendering it presently the optimal model to drive AI chatbots.

Gemini effortlessly manages multimodal duties, in contrast to GPT-4, which operates primarily on textual input. The model generates images and processes audio using DALL-E 3 and Whisper, implements OpenAI modules for image analysis and online access, and utilizes GPT-4 natively for language-related tasks such as content creation and complex text analysis. When contrasting it with rival models, Google's Gemini appears to prioritize its products. Given that it supplies power to both the Bard and the Pixel 8 devices, it is either an existing component of the company's ecosystem or aspires to join it in the future. Other models, such as Meta's Llama and GPT-4, are accessible to numerous third-party developers. These models are service-oriented in nature and can be leveraged to develop tools, applications, and services.

After the introduction of Google's Pathways Language Model (PaLM 2) on May 10, 2023, Gemini emerged as the most sophisticated collection of LLMs at the time of its release. Gemini, akin to PaLM 2, possesses the ability to generate AI and is incorporated with a number of Google technologies. One of the most well-known user-facing Gemini implementations currently in use is the Google Bard AI chatbot, which runs on PaLM 2.

To facilitate the interpretation of incoming inquiries and data, Gemini integrates natural language processing functionalities, enabling it to comprehend and manipulate language. Furthermore, its capability to identify and interpret images enables it to decipher intricate graphics such as figures and charts, even in the absence of OCR software.

Furthermore, the robust multilingual functionalities of Gemini enable the execution of translation operations and the utilization of its features in multiple languages. Illustrative of Gemini's capabilities are multilingual summarization and mathematical reasoning. Additionally, image captions can be produced in a variety of languages. Gemini models are capable of comprehending handwritten notes, diagrams, and schematics in order to solve complex issues.

Although the number of parameters serves as an indicator of the complexity of a model, Google refrained from disclosing the parameter count of Gemini during a virtual press conference. The most potent iteration of Gemini, as detailed in a white paper released on December 6, outperformed GPT-4 on a variety of assessments, including multiple-choice and elementary mathematics problems. However, the authors did acknowledge that training AI models to reason at a higher level still presents obstacles.